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USA · 2L · Constitutional Law

More Structure Cases

Commerce, taxing power and the administrative state.

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  1. 1.Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) — held?

    "Commerce" includes navigation; New York's steamboat monopoly conflicted with a federal licence and was preempted.

    Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. 1 (1824)

  2. 2.NFIB v. Sebelius (2012) — held?

    The ACA individual mandate exceeded the Commerce Clause but was upheld as a tax; threatening states' existing Medicaid funding to force expansion was unconstitutionally coercive.

    National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519 (2012)

  3. 3.Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo (2024) — held?

    Overruled Chevron deference; courts must exercise independent judgment on whether an agency acted within its statutory authority.

    Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, 603 U.S. 369 (2024)

  4. 4.Trump v. United States (2024) — held?

    A former President has absolute immunity for acts within core constitutional powers, at least presumptive immunity for other official acts, and no immunity for unofficial acts.

    Trump v. United States, 603 U.S. 593 (2024)

  5. 5.Shelby County v. Holder (2013) — held?

    The coverage formula in § 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act was unconstitutional because it relied on decades-old data.

    Shelby County v. Holder, 570 U.S. 529 (2013)

  6. 6.Lochner v. New York (1905) and West Coast Hotel v. Parrish (1937)?

    Lochner struck down a maximum-hours law under liberty of contract; West Coast Hotel upheld a minimum-wage law, ending the Lochner era.

    198 U.S. 45 (1905); 300 U.S. 379 (1937)