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India · 5th Year · Criminal Procedure (BNSS / CrPC)

FIR, Arrest & Bail

Procedure from complaint to custody.

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  1. 1.What replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and from when?

    The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS), in force from 1 July 2024.

    BNSS 2023

  2. 2.FIR provision under the CrPC and BNSS?

    CrPC s 154 → BNSS s 173, which also expressly allows information to be given electronically and registration regardless of where the offence occurred ("zero FIR").

    CrPC s 154; BNSS s 173

  3. 3.Lalita Kumari v Govt of Uttar Pradesh (2013) — held?

    Registration of an FIR is mandatory where information discloses a cognizable offence; a preliminary inquiry is permissible only in limited categories.

    (2014) 2 SCC 1

  4. 4.D.K. Basu v State of West Bengal (1997) — significance?

    Laid down guidelines on arrest and detention (identification of officers, arrest memo, informing a relative, medical examination) to prevent custodial violence.

    (1997) 1 SCC 416

  5. 5.Arnesh Kumar v State of Bihar (2014) — held?

    For offences punishable with imprisonment up to seven years, police must satisfy themselves of the necessity of arrest under s 41 CrPC; magistrates must not authorise detention mechanically.

    (2014) 8 SCC 273

  6. 6.Hussainara Khatoon v Home Secretary, Bihar (1979) — held?

    The right to a speedy trial is part of Article 21; led to the release of thousands of undertrial prisoners.

    (1980) 1 SCC 81

  7. 7.Default bail under CrPC s 167(2) — time limits?

    If the charge sheet is not filed within 90 days (offences punishable with death, life or 10+ years) or 60 days (other offences), the accused is entitled to bail.

    CrPC 1973, s 167(2)